منابع مشابه
Impacts of Hemlock Decline and Ecological Considerations for Hemlock Stand Restoration Following Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Outbreaks
We present a synthesis of current knowledge and information of hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA, Adelges tsugae Annand) impact on hemlock forests and a conceptual framework of restoring damaged hemlock stands by HWA infestation. Native to Asia, HWA has been thriving in the eastern United States since the early 1950s and has become a serious pathological agent of both eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensi...
متن کاملEffects of hemlock woolly adelgid and elongate hemlock scale on eastern hemlock growth and foliar chemistry.
In the eastern United States, two invasive specialist insects share a native host plant, Eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis. In recent years, much research has focused on the impacts of the hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) because of the detrimental effects it has on hemlock growth and survival. In contrast, the invasive elongate hemlock scale (Fiorinia externa) is thought to have only mi...
متن کاملFalse ring formation in eastern hemlock branches: impacts of hemlock woolly adelgid and elongate hemlock scale.
Herbivores can alter plant physiology through the induction of abnormal wood formation. Feeding by some insects induces the formation of false rings, a band of thick-walled latewood cells within the earlywood portion of the tree ring that reduces water transport. Hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) and elongate hemlock scale (Fiorinia externa Ferris) are invasive insects that both f...
متن کاملHemlock Woolly Adelgid and Elongate Hemlock Scale : Partners in Crime ?
The increased mortality of the eastern hemlock in North America has been primarily attributed to the invasion of the hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA). However, in parts of the range of eastern hemlock, the elongate hemlock scale (EHS), another introduced Asian insect, also infests stands and weakens trees. An important step towards achieving the goal of reducing eastern hemlock mortality is to unde...
متن کاملPLANTÐINSECT INTERACTIONS Effects of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid and Elongate Hemlock Scale on Eastern Hemlock Growth and Foliar Chemistry
In the eastern United States, two invasive specialist insects share a native host plant, Eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis. In recent years, much research has focused on the impacts of the hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) because of the detrimental effects it has on hemlock growth and survival. In contrast, the invasive elongate hemlock scale (Fiorinia externa) is thought to have only mi...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Philosophy International Journal
سال: 2020
ISSN: 2641-9130
DOI: 10.23880/phij-16000156